{"id":428,"date":"2019-06-26T11:03:32","date_gmt":"2019-06-26T09:03:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hjerteforeningen.dk\/fagnet\/?p=4846"},"modified":"2025-08-21T12:01:30","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T12:01:30","slug":"nitratrig-kost-er-ikke-en-smutvej-til-lavt-blodtryk","status":"publish","type":"artikel","link":"https:\/\/hjerteforeningen.dk\/fagnet\/artikler\/alle-artikler\/nitratrig-kost-er-ikke-en-smutvej-til-lavt-blodtryk\/","title":{"rendered":"Nitratrig kost er ikke en smutvej til lavt blodtryk"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Nitrat\u00a0<\/span>fra r\u00f8dbeder<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0spinat<\/span>\u00a0og andre gr\u00f8ntsager<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>omdannes i blodet\u00a0<\/span>til\u00a0<\/span>nitrogenoxid, som kan f\u00e5 blodkarrene til at udvide sig. Derfor giver det intuitivt mening at spise rigeligt med nitratrige f\u00f8devarer<\/span>, hvis man vil holde blodtrykket nede<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>M<\/span>en<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>r<\/span>\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0og spinatsmoothies er ikke en smutvej til at kontrollere blodtrykket<\/span>, forklarer\u00a0<\/span>b\u00e5de\u00a0<\/span>professor og di\u00e6tist<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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At kosten spiller en rolle for regulering af blodtrykket er velkendt<\/span>. Eksempelvis ved de fleste<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0at for store m\u00e6ngder salt i maden kan f\u00f8re til\u00a0<\/span>hyperten<\/span>s<\/span>ion<\/span>. I de sene<\/span>re<\/span>\u00a0\u00e5r har der v\u00e6ret \u00f8get<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>fokus p\u00e5<\/span>\u00a0nitratrige f\u00f8devare<\/span>r<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0som ofte<\/span>\u00a0fremh\u00e6ves som en vej til at reducere blodtrykket.\u00a0<\/span>Der er dog flere forbehold for effekten, som b\u00f8r ses i relation til andre\u00a0<\/span>livsstils\u00e6ndringer<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Nitrat p\u00e5virker blodtrykket\u00a0<\/h3>

Nitra<\/span>t findes naturligt i en r\u00e6kke f\u00f8devarer og<\/span>\u00a0spille<\/span>r<\/span>\u00a0ind p\u00e5 reguleringen af vores blodtryk. I blodet omdannes nitrat<\/span>\u00a0til nitrit og<\/span>\u00a0derefter til\u00a0<\/span>gassen\u00a0<\/span>nitrogenoxid, som udvider blodkarrene<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>og dermed medvirker til<\/span>\u00a0at\u00a0<\/span>s\u00e6nke blodtrykket.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Mange<\/span>\u00a0gr\u00f8ntsager har et h\u00f8jt indhold af nitrat. Det g\u00e6lder eksempelvis rucola, spinat<\/span>\u00a0og<\/span>\u00a0r\u00f8dbede.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Der er lavet flere videnskabelige studier af nitratrige f\u00f8devarer og blodtryk. En\u00a0<\/span>af\u00a0<\/span>de mest veldokumenterede f\u00f8devarer i den sammenh\u00e6ng er r\u00f8dbeder. En systematisk gennemgang og\u00a0<\/span>meta<\/span>-analyse af\u00a0<\/span>43<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>randomiserede\u00a0<\/span>case-<\/span>kontrol<\/span>studier<\/span>\u00a0med r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0er\u00a0<\/span>udgivet i tidsskriftet\u00a0<\/span>Advances<\/span> in Nutrition<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0Her<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>fandt\u00a0<\/span>forskerne\u00a0<\/span>en blodtrykss\u00e6nkende effekt p\u00e5 b\u00e5de det systoliske og diabolske blodtryk blandt personer<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0som fik r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0sammenlignet med en kontrolgruppe<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0Is\u00e6r blandt personer med en kronisk sygdom<\/span>, som hjertekarsygdom<\/span>me<\/span>, type-2 diabetes og KOL<\/span>\u00a0var\u00a0<\/span>effekten<\/span>\u00a0m\u00e5lbar.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Effekten afh\u00e6nger af udgangspunktet\u00a0<\/h3>

Professor Lars Nybo fra Institut for Idr\u00e6t og Ern\u00e6ring p\u00e5 K\u00f8behavns Universitet har forsket i betydningen af r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>for<\/span>\u00a0fysisk pr\u00e6station<\/span>, og bekr\u00e6fter, at der en sammenh\u00e6ng mellem nitratrige f\u00f8devarer og blodtrykket, n\u00e5r man ser p\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>meta<\/span>-studier af en gennemsnitlig befolkning.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

– Betragter man den overordnede effekt af en nitratrig kost, s\u00e5 er der god videnskabelig evidens for,\u00a0<\/span>at\u00a0<\/span>en daglig dosis\u202fp\u00e5 mere end 10 mmol nitrat, hvilket afh\u00e6ngig af\u00a0<\/span>koncentrationen svarer til eksempelvis \u00bd liter r\u00f8dbedesaft,\u202fhar en\u00a0<\/span>ind<\/span>virkn<\/span>ing<\/span>\u00a0p\u00e5<\/span>\u00a0blodtrykket. Men ikke alle oplever en effekt, da det i h\u00f8j grad afh\u00e6nger af udgangspunktet, forklarer han og fors\u00e6tter:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

–\u00a0<\/span>Er\u00a0<\/span>personen<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>i forvejen\u00a0<\/span>fysisk veltr\u00e6net og<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>fast\u00a0<\/span>spiser mange gr\u00f8ntsager<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0er der ikke meget at vinde<\/span>\u00a0ved at begynde at drikke\u00a0<\/span>\u00bd liter r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft dagligt<\/span>. O<\/span>mvendt kan der<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>v\u00e6re<\/span>\u00a0en gevinst<\/span>\u00a0at hente<\/span>, hvis man ikke spise<\/span>r\u00a0<\/span>s\u00e6rligt mange\u00a0<\/span>gr\u00f8nt<\/span>sager eller dyrker regelm\u00e6ssig motion<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span>En anden v\u00e6sentlig faktor for om\u00a0<\/span>e<\/span>n nitratrig kost kan p\u00e5virke blodtrykket er hvor l\u00e6nge og vedholdende, man indtager de<\/span>n<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

–<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Studie<\/span>r<\/span>ne<\/span>\u00a0viser, at det er\u00a0<\/span>tager cirka\u00a0<\/span>14 dage\u00a0<\/span>f\u00f8r\u00a0<\/span>man ser\u00a0<\/span>fuld<\/span>\u00a0effekt<\/span>\u00a0p\u00e5 blodtrykket<\/span>. Desuden\u00a0<\/span>bevares denne effekt kun hvis man efterf\u00f8lgende opretholder et tilstr\u00e6kkeligt\u00a0<\/span>dagligt indtag af nitrat.\u00a0<\/span>Man kan\u00a0<\/span>alts\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>ikke snyde sig til et hurtigt fix\u00a0<\/span>eller opn\u00e5 en vedvarende effekt\u00a0<\/span>ved at drikke r\u00f8dbedesaft i\u00a0<\/span>nogle dage<\/span>, forklare<\/span>r<\/span>\u00a0Lars Nybo<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Spis gr\u00f8ntsager\u00a0ikke kun for nitratens skyld<\/h3>

Gr\u00f8ntsager indeholder\u00a0<\/span>mange\u00a0<\/span>andre vigtige n\u00e6ringsmidler<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0og det<\/span>\u00a0er ikke en enkelt kostkomponent, men den unikke sammens\u00e6tning\u00a0<\/span>af\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e6ringsstoffer i<\/span>\u00a0gr\u00f8n<\/span>t<\/span>sager<\/span>ne<\/span>, som har betydning\u00a0<\/span>f<\/span>or\u00a0<\/span>blodtrykket<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>og<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>for<\/span>\u00a0kolesterol og immunforsvar, forklarer hun.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Desuden er det vigtigt at s\u00e6tte\u00a0<\/span>effekten af nitrat i relation til andre\u00a0<\/span>livsstils\u00e6ndringer<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>n\u00e5r man vejleder patienter i, hvordan de <\/span>kan s\u00e6nke blodtrykke<\/span>t<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

–\u00a0<\/span>Det handler om at spille p\u00e5 flere heste og ikke fokusere p\u00e5 \u00e9n ting<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Man\u00a0<\/span>b\u00f8r<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>se<\/span>\u00a0p\u00e5 hele kosten og ikke kun nitratholdige gr\u00f8n<\/span>t<\/span>sager<\/span>\u00a0og have\u00a0<\/span>fokus p\u00e5,\u00a0<\/span>generelt\u00a0<\/span>at spise efter de hjertesunde principper. Er\u00a0<\/span>patiente<\/span>n<\/span>\u00a0ryger er der meget at hente ved et rygestop.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Indtager\u00a0<\/span>vedkommende<\/span>\u00a0store m\u00e6ngder salt,<\/span>\u00a0er der\u00a0<\/span>en gevinst at hente ved at spise mindre af det, ligesom man kan se p\u00e5, om <\/span>der skal \u00e6ndres p\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>alkoholvaner eller s<\/span>\u00e6ttes ind for at sikre<\/span>\u00a0en h<\/span>verdag med mere motion og bedre s\u00f8vn, forklarer Inger Larsen.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Der er dog ikke noget galt i at drikke r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0dagligt<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

– Det er fint at tage et glas r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0om morgenen<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>D<\/span>et afg\u00f8rende<\/span>\u00a0er<\/span>\u00a0at<\/span>\u00a0hj\u00e6lpe folk til<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>f\u00e5 tilstr\u00e6kkeligt med gr\u00f8nt<\/span>s<\/span>ager\u00a0<\/span>p\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>en m\u00e5de<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0som passer\u00a0<\/span>til<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>deres<\/span>\u00a0livsstil og rutiner,\u00a0<\/span>s\u00e5<\/span>dan at<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>de<\/span>\u00a0kan vedligeholde det. S\u00e5 snart d<\/span>e<\/span>\u00a0stopper<\/span>\u00a0eksempelvis<\/span>\u00a0med at drikke r\u00f8dbede<\/span>saft<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>om<\/span>\u00a0morgen<\/span>\u00a0eller spise gr\u00f8ntsager til frokost eller aften<\/span>, lige s\u00e5 snart stopper effekten<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>forklare<\/span>r<\/span>\u00a0Inger Larsen.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

– Mit r\u00e5d\u00a0<\/span>som di\u00e6tist\u00a0<\/span>er at spise gr\u00f8ntsager efter \u00e5rstiderne. P\u00e5 den m\u00e5de sikre man sig et fint indtag af kostfibre, vitaminer, mineraler og nitrat. I sommerm\u00e5nederne er det oplagt at spise radiser, spinat,\u00a0<\/span>rucula<\/span>\u00a0og andre salater, og i efter\u00e5ret og vinterm\u00e5nederne er r\u00f8dbeder og andre efter\u00e5rs- og vintergr\u00f8nsager oplagte<\/span>, r\u00e5der Inger Larsen.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Medicin\u00e6ndringer skal diskuteres med en l\u00e6ge<\/h3>

U<\/span>anset hvad man g\u00f8r for selv at regulere sit blodtryk<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0s\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>er det vigtigt at understrege overfor patienter<\/span>ne<\/span>, at de\u00a0<\/span>aldrig p\u00e5 egen h\u00e5nd\u00a0<\/span>m\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>stoppe med at tage eksempelvis blodtrykss\u00e6nkende medicin uden at have talt med\u00a0<\/span>deres<\/span>\u00a0l\u00e6ge, understreger Inger Larsen.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

–<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Man skal ikke begynde at\u00a0<\/span>\u00e6ndre\u00a0<\/span>p\u00e5\u00a0<\/span>sit medicinindtag<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>fordi man pludselig drikker r\u00f8dbedejuice om morgenen. Det skal ske i samr\u00e5d med l\u00e6gen<\/span>. Men det man kan g\u00f8re\u00a0<\/span>er<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>sammen med\u00a0<\/span>sin\u00a0<\/span>l\u00e6ge<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0at<\/span>\u00a0holde \u00f8je med hvilken effekt\u00a0<\/span>en livsstils\u00e6ndring\u00a0<\/span>har<\/span>\u00a0p\u00e5 blodtrykket. For nog<\/span>le<\/span>\u00a0kan en oml\u00e6gning af kosten m\u00e5ske f\u00f8re til<\/span>,<\/span>\u00a0at de i stedet for to blodtrykss\u00e6nkende pr\u00e6parter kan n\u00f8jes med \u00e9n<\/span>, slutter Inger Larsen<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

L\u00e6s mere om evidensen for r\u00f8dbedesaft effekt p\u00e5 blodtrykket:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Zahra\u00a0<\/span>Bahadoran<\/span>, Parvin\u00a0<\/span>Mirmiran<\/span>, Ali Kabir,\u00a0<\/span>Fereidoun<\/span>\u00a0Azizi,\u00a0<\/span>Aghar<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Ghasemi<\/span>, The Nitrate-Independent Blood Pressure\u2013Lowering Effect of Beetroot Juice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,\u202fAdvances in Nutrition, Volume 8, Issue 6, November 2017, Pages 8 <\/span><\/a><\/p>

L<\/span><\/b>\u00e6s\u00a0<\/span><\/b>mere\u00a0<\/span><\/b>om forh\u00f8jet blodtryk her<\/a><\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

R\u00f8dbedesaft og spinatsmoothies er ikke en smutvej til at kontrollere blodtrykket, forklarer b\u00e5de professor og di\u00e6tist. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":584,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"global-tag":[47,104,32,148],"class_list":["post-428","artikel","type-artikel","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","global-tag-blodtryk","global-tag-ernaering","global-tag-kost","global-tag-nitrat"],"yoast_head":"\nNitratrig kost er ikke en smutvej til lavt blodtryk - For fagfolk<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hjerteforeningen.dk\/fagnet\/artikler\/alle-artikler\/nitratrig-kost-er-ikke-en-smutvej-til-lavt-blodtryk\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"da_DK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nitratrig kost er ikke en smutvej til lavt blodtryk - 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